Generally speaking, "d.Language barriers" were not a problem faced by multi-ethnic countries in Africa after independence, since relative to some of the more serious problems, like genocidal violence, this was not an issue.
Answer:
- British and Irish dominions
- between supporters of the monarchy of Charles I (and his son and successor, Charles II) and opposing groups in each of Charles’s kingdoms, including Parliamentarians in England, Covenanters in Scotland, and Confederates in Ireland.
The outcome was threefold: the trial and the execution of Charles I (1649); the exile of his son, Charles II (1651); and the replacement of English monarchy with the Commonwealth of England, which from 1653 (as the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland)
The South relied heavily on steamboats for transportation of supplies and troops. They absolutely needed the Mississippi River to be effective in anyway during the war. The North also used it for transporting, but they had railroads. They were mostly concerned with keeping the South from using it.
Absolute Monarchies, which was your typical medieval government, run on the idea that one man has absolute power, thus the name.