First, let's distinguish active from passive immunity:
- Active immunity occurs in a direct exposure of individuals to live pathogens. The result is a development of a disease. After that, individuals acquire immunity to the disease.
- Passive immunity is induced by vaccines with antibodies for a disease, so the disease does not develop.
<span>a. ACTIVE IMMUNITY - Bill had a disease, so it must be active immunity.
</span>b. PASSIVE IMMUNITY - Bill got a vaccine and a disease did not develop, so it must be passive immunity.
c. <span>PASSIVE IMMUNITY - Although, 3-month-old daughter did not get a vaccine, she has mother's antibodies from the milk so she will not develop a disease.</span>
<span>The graph portrays
predation. The relationship shows that an
increase in the population of zebra
results in a subsequent increase in the lion population, and vice versa. This,
therefore, means that the lion population
is dependent on the zebra population due to an interaction (predation). The lion population
will always be lower than that of the zebra because of the inefficiencies of energy transfer up the trophic levels (exhibited by a
typical energy pyramid). </span>