Answer: A. He will quite certainly gain approval since the project has a positive net present value.
Explanation:
The options are:
A. He will quite certainly gain approval since the project has a positive net present value.
B. Approval is probable but not likely as he failed to account for the time value of money.
C. He will not gain approval as he failed to consider whether the project is leading edge or not.
D. Approval is probable but not likely as the project has been constructed on estimates instead of facts.
Capital budgeting is used to know whether the long term investment for a particular organization's is actually worth investing in or not by the company. 
Based on the scenario in the question, since the present value of the estimated future cash flows is greater than the cost of the project, Ashton will quite certainly gain approval since the project has a positive net present value.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Organizational culture refers to a set of unspoken guidelines that employees share in various work situations.
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Explanation:</u></h3>
The set of expectations that an organisation has towards its employees, the experiences, values to act as a guide to the behaviour of the employees and the experience are encapsulated in the organisation culture. It is the set of guidelines that helps the employees to conduct themselves within and outside the organisation.  
It can be considered as a set of values, beliefs and assumptions that shapes the behaviour of the employees of an organisation. It is the one through which the image of an organisation is projected. It helps the employees to work the way the organisation expects from them.  
 
        
             
        
        
        
When workers intentionally reduce their productivity, it is called a slowdown. This occurrence might be cause by a number of reason. One would be that they are not happy on how they are managed by the administration of the company. They would tend to do this to catch the attention of the admins.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Promissory estopplel is a contractual agreement based on a promise rather than on a written contract but is still enforceable and legal such as in regarding payment for services rendered so that the contractor is protected financially.
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
 Compensation expense of $510,000 will be recorded each year 2021-2024
Explanation:
Stock option gives a right to employee to buy an amount of company stock at a given price in specified time period. It is charged as expense according to the fair value of the stock option every year until exercise-able date.
Compensation expense of $510,000 will be recorded each year 2021-2024
All the working is made in an MS Excel file and answer is made accordingly. Please find it.