1 is the answer to your question.
What is the question for this?
Answer:
I am taking points bye ok so what's about your answer so yet
Answer:
mesopotamia
Explanation:
Sumer, located in Mesopotamia, is the first known complex civilization, developing the first city-states in the 4th millennium BCE. It was in these cities that the earliest known form of writing, cuneiform script, appeared around 3000 BCE
Explanation:
Islam has influenced Cardoba and West Africa in the east to Indonesia in the West so it's not easy to give a brief answer since the details are specific to social/cultural/economic context of local environs.