In China between 1989 and 1901, a Chinese secret organization called the Yihequan (Righteous and harmonious fists) led an uprising in northern China against the spread of Western and Japanese influence there. The group practiced certain boxing and rituals in the belief that this made them invulnerable. Their members, referred to by Westerners as Boxers killed foreigners and Chinese Christians and destroyed foreign property. By the terms of the Boxer Protocol, which officially ended the rebellion in 1901, China agreed to pay more than $330 million in reparations.
