Answer:
In Russia, efforts to build communism began after Tsar Nicholas II lost his power during the February Revolution, which started in 1917, and ended with the dissolution of the USSR in 1991.
The Civil Service is the exam held once a year according to the Pendleton Act.
Explanation:
According to the Pendleton Act, Government jobs are provided based on the merit of the candidate that can be analysed through a competitive exam. The Pendleton Act was passed in the year 1883.
Pendleton Act was mainly established to remove illegal process of entry of employees in the Government sector. The civil service system was mainly established to select non - military as well as non - elected person so that they can work for the people.
<span>Mesopotamia
is made up of different regions, each with its own geography. The
geography of each area and the natural resources found there affected
the ways that people lived.
Northern Mesopotamia is made up of hills and plains. The land is quite
fertile due to seasonal rains, and the rivers and streams flowing from
the mountains. Early settlers farmed the land and used timber, metals
and stone from the mountains nearby.
Southern Mesopotamia is made up of marshy areas and wide, flat, barren
plains. Cities developed along the rivers which flow through the region.
Early settlers had to irrigate the land along the banks of the rivers
in order for their crops to grow. Since they did not have many natural
resources, contact with neighbouring lands was important.
Life in Mesopotamia was concentrated between the rivers Tigris and
Euphrates. They were used for transport, but were also the means by
which the people of Mesopotamia could live, as they provided water to
drink and to irrigate the surrounding land. Once the land was irrigated,
it could produce crops and other foods for the people to eat. With
such good yields - the people had extra food to sell - commerce began to
develop. With markets - the need for an organized government grew. A
government needed to codify local customs and so Laws came into being.
Also - as laws and customer became more complex - these rules needed to
be formally enshrined - writing was invented .
As cities developed In Mesopotamia, each town and city was believed to
be protected by its own, unique deity or god. The temple called a
Ziggurat, was the center of worship as well as the center of every city.
Hope this helps!!</span>
