<span>This would involve Islam, their influence on </span>Northern Europe<span> involved the creation of Mathematics, which spread to Spain and Italy, sooner or later, Geometry and Algebra were created. Just one of the few North-</span>Western impacts<span> on </span>Western<span> civilization :) show full answer. Looking for something else?</span>
Answer:
The constitutionality of the Act was challenged by states based on two main grounds: 1. The issue of individual mandate; and 2. Mandatory expansion of medicaid by states.
Explanation:
The Affordable Healthcare Act otherwise known as Obamacare was a health reform Act that came into force in 2010 under the Obama administration in the United States of America which made provision for affordable health insurance for every citizen of America, and also expanded the scope of eligibility for medicaid in the United States of America. The constitutionality/legality of the Act was challenged by a total of about 26 states of the United States of America particularly on the ground that the Act imposed sanctions on states which failed to expand the medicaid, and on the ground of individual mandate to purchase health insurance violated the original Clause.
However, concerning the issue of individual mandate to buy health insurance, the Supreme Court of America upheld the constitutionality of the ACA on the ground that the congress has the valid and constitutional power to impose tax.
On the other hand, on the issue of mandatory expansion of medicaid by states, the court stated that it was optional and not mandatory for states to chose to expand the medicaid, thereby declaring the mandatory medicaid expansion by states unconstitutional.
The working class would revolt against the upper class business
owners
A Roman legion (from Latin legio "military levy, conscription", from legere "to choose") was the largest unit of the Roman army involving from 3000 men in early times to over 5200 men in imperial times, consisting of centuries as the basic units. Until the middle of the first century, 10 cohorts (about 5,000 men) made up a Roman Legion. This was later changed to nine cohorts of standard size (with 6 centuries at 80 men each) and one cohort, the first cohort, of double strength (5 double-strength centuries with 160 men each).
In the early Roman Kingdom the "legion" may have meant the entire Roman army but sources on this period are few and unreliable. The subsequent organization of legions varied greatly over time but legions were typically composed of around five thousand soldiers, divided during the republican era into three lines of ten maniples, and from about 100 BC into ten cohorts. Legions also included a small ala or cavalry unit. By the third century AD, the legion was a much smaller unit of about 1,000 to 1,500 men, and there were more of them. In the fourth century AD, East Roman border guard legions (limitanei) may have become even smaller.
For most of the Roman Imperial period, the legions formed the Roman army's elite heavy infantry, recruited exclusively from Roman citizens, while the remainder of the army consisted of auxiliaries, who provided additional infantry and the vast majority of the Roman army's cavalry. (Provincials who aspired to citizenship gained it when honourably discharged from the auxiliaries). The Roman army, for most of the Imperial period, consisted mostly of auxiliaries rather than legions. :) hope this helps you out
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Loyalists were American colonists who stayed loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War, often called Tories, Royalists, or King's Men at the time. They were opposed by the "Patriots", who supported the revolution, and called them "persons inimical to the liberties of America".[1] Prominent Loyalists repeatedly assured the British government that many thousands of them would spring to arms and fight for the crown. The British government acted in expectation of that, especially in the southern campaigns in 1780–81. In practice, the number of Loyalists in military service was far lower than expected since Britain could not effectively protect them except in those areas where Britain had military control. The British were often suspicious of them, not knowing whom they could fully trust in such a conflicted situation; they were often looked down upon.[2] Patriots watched suspected Loyalists very closely and would not tolerate any organized Loyalist opposition. Many outspoken or militarily active Loyalists were forced to flee, especially to their stronghold of New York City. William Franklin, the royal governor of New Jersey and son of Patriot leader Benjamin Franklin, became the leader of the Loyalists after his release from a Patriot prison in 1778. He worked to build Loyalist military units to fight in the war, but the number of volunteers was much fewer than London expected.
When their cause was defeated, about 15 percent of the Loyalists (65,000–70,000 people) fled to other parts of the British Empire, to Britain itself, or to British North America (now Canada). The southern Loyalists moved mostly to Florida, which had remained loyal to the Crown, and to British Caribbean possessions, often bringing along their slaves. Northern Loyalists largely migrated to Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. They called themselves United Empire Loyalists. Most were compensated with Canadian land or British cash distributed through formal claims procedures. Loyalists who left the US received £3 million[citation needed] or about 37 percent of their losses from the British government. Loyalists who stayed in the US were generally able to retain their property and become American citizens.[3] Historians have estimated that between 15 and 20 percent of the two million whites in the colonies in 1775 were Loyalists (300,000–400,000).[4]
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