D would be the correct answer
Answer:
Christians and Jews established co-ordial relationship after a long period of time and before that they used to pay protection tax for safety, employment and other facilities.
Explanation:
The non-Muslim groups comprising of Christians and Jews were meant to pay a special tax known as jizya which was meant to protect them. However, these groups were integrated into the societies and were offered equal employment in administrative, cultural, and scientific institutions. Later, they established relationship with caliphate and then negotiated for changes in policies that ensure more religious freedom to them. With further strengthening of relationship, churches and monasteries were constructed and repaired.
Answer:
A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship and descent. Even if lineage details are unknown, clan members may be organized around a founding member or apical ancestor. ... Members may identify with a coat of arms or other symbol to show they are an independent clan.
Explanation:
