Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid or vitamin B3, is a vitamin whose derivatives NAD, NADH, NAD+, and NADP play essential roles in energy metabolism in the living cell and DNA repair. The designation vitamin B3, whose chemical formula is C5H4NCOOH (or alternatively, C6H6NO2), also includes the corresponding amide nicotinamide, or niacinamide, whose chemical formula is C6H6N2O.
Niacin is one of the B vitamins (vitamin B complex), a group of chemically distinct, water-soluble vitamins that also includes thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, biotin, pyridoxine, folic acid, and others. Once considered to be a single vitamin, vitamin B is now seen as a complex of different vitamins that generally are found in the same foods. Vitamins are organic (carbon-containing) nutrients obtained through the diet and essential in small amounts for normal metabolic reactions.
The conversion of niacin to NAD and NADP, and the use of these coenzymes in intricate biological processes like the citric acid cycle, reveals the complex coordination in living organisms.
The teaching that the nurse should provide about fetal respiration to the client who is concerned that the baby is going to drown in the uterus because of the fluid is that the oxygen reaches the fetus through the placenta.
Fetal respiration is not the same as respiration in adults. The fetus does not inhale the air into the lungs. Instead the fetus receives oxygen through the placenta, which extracts the oxygen from the blood of mother. Similarly, the carbon dioxide of fetus is released into the mother's blood by the placenta.
Placenta develops from the mother's uterus during pregnancy that connects the fetus with the mother's womb. It acts as a passage for the exchange of several substances between the mother and the fetus.
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Answer:
Adequate Intake (AI) value
Explanation:
Its often used when RDA isn't known. The values of AI and RDA vary by age and gender.
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of a healthy people is the average daily level of intake needed to meet the nutrient requirements of approximately all (97%-98%) healthy people.
Answer: Cyber bullying a member of the LGBTQA+ community or any community can cause pshycological harm to them because studies show bullying in any form can create significant damage to self esteem, self worth, social skills, and more
Explanation: (in answer)
