Adding the story would have been a good idea for others to help you.
Hello! I’m pretty sure #1 is A, but I’m honestly not sure about the rest. I hope I could at least be some help, good luck!
It was sort of mixed for each allied power. The US president (Wilson) of the time introduced and proposed they use the new 14 points, and that didn't say punish Germany for their war crimes. Winston Churchill, however, felt the need to punish Germany. Either way, they went with push the 14 points though, and they did. And many countries signed those points but the US. They still managed to punish Germany through those points. The answer is B.
An answer could be, he used the spoil system to reward people who voted for him and people who helped fund his campaign with political office.
The main concern was taxation without representation, and individual rights.