Question

Researchers at Indiana University at Bloomington have found that chocolate milk effectively helps athletes recover from an intense workout. They had nine cyclists bike, rest four hours, then bike again, three separate times. After each workout, the cyclists downed chocolate milk or energy drinks Gatorade or Endurox (two to three glasses per hour); then, in the second workout of each set, they cycled to exhaustion. When they drank chocolate milk, the amount of time they could cycle until they were exhausted was similar to when they drank Gatorade and longer than when they drank Endurox.

Answer 1

Answer:

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Textbook Problem:

Researchers at Indiana University at Bloomington have found that chocolate milk effectively helps athletes recover from an intense workout. They had nine cyclists bike, rest four hours, then bike again, three separate times. After each workout, the cyclists downed chocolate milk or energy drinks Gatorade or Endurox (two to three glasses per hour); then, in the second workout of each set, they cycled to exhaustion. When they drank chocolate milk, the amount of time they could cycle until they were exhausted was similar to when they drank Gatorade and longer than when they drank Endurox.

To Determine:

Explain whether the researcher needs to use random assignment for the conclusion to be valid.

Answer: Yes, random assignment is required.

Step-by-step explanation:

Random assignment is a technique in experiments to assign subject or elements to different groups randomly BEFORE beginning with the experiment processes. This allows to assume that each group's attributes are practically equivalent, and if the experiment produces different effects between the groups, it is not related to the specific individuals in the groups.

So to conclude that Chocolate Milk, Gatorade and Endurox have different effects, the cyclists groups must be assigned randomly.