At the time the great European powers were all in a race to take the most land (and Britain won). Britain also had the best navy and could project power. Britain won some wars against European nations and took their colonies. During that time the "United Kingdom" for formed. And Company Raj (Company Rule) with the East India Company in India made Britain more and more wealthy. After all, if you control much of the world you can get very rich and control much of the trade. Britain also had a lot of Soft Power in addition to its hard power (the military).
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic,[1]
is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican–American War (1846–1848). The treaty came into force on July 4, 1848.[2]
Although Mexico ceded Alta California and Santa Fe de Nuevo México, the text of the treaty (3)did not list territories to be ceded, and avoided the disputed issues that were causes of war: the validity of the 1836 secession of the Republic of Texas, Texas's unenforced boundary claims as far as the Rio Grande, and the 1845 annexation of Texas by the United States.
Comparing the boundary in the Adams–Onís Treaty to the Guadalupe Hidalgo boundary, Mexico conceded about 55% of its pre-war, pre-Texas territorial claims[4) and now has an area of 1,972,550 km² (761,606 sq mi).
Articles VIII and IX ensured safety of existing property rights of Mexican citizens living in the transferred territories. Despite assurances to the contrary, the property rights of Mexican citizens were often not honored by the U.S. in accordance with modifications to and interpretations of the Treaty.[5][6][7]
the no in brackets is the terms
B. Discovery of gold
Some miners went to the sacred black hills and found gold later the United States found out and took the black hills from the tribe violating the treaty
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They made people question how the government was making rules and how they were controlling people. For the religion movement people became more tollerent of other religions. For the abolition movement, people began to understand freeing enslaved people and making them members of society. The Womens Movement gained attention to how were treated and what rights they had.
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