Answer:
B- Photosynthesis
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are <em>chlorophyll-containing, eukaryotic cell structures</em> that function in photosynthesis by absorbing energy from sunlight, combining this energy with water and CO2 to convert them to sugars . This cell structure is known as a plastid. The sugars produced, are important for the survival of the plant.
Chloroplasts reproduce on their own, independent of the whole cell because they contain their own DNA. Plant chloroplasts are located in guard cells in plant leaves. Closely linked to these guard cells are tiny pores called stomata, which allow gas exchange required for photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages:
- The light reaction stage
- The dark reaction stage
The Light reaction stage takes place in the presence of light. Clorophyll converts light into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. Both molecules produced, are used in the dark stage to produce sugar.
In the dark reaction stage, the stroma, containing enzymes, facilitates reactions leading to the production of sugars from ATP and NADPH. This process is also called the carbon fixation stage. The sugar produced can be stored in the form of starch for other processes such as respiration.
The sole reason why red blood cells are unable to replace damaged proteins is that red blood cells lack DNA and cell organelles such as nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria which are crucial for protein synthesis, assembly and repair. In other words they lack both the information and the machinery for making or repair of proteins.
Due to lack of DNA and cell organelles, red blood cells cannot be able satisfy the central dogma which summarizes synthesis of proteins as DNA → RNA → proteins.
DNA has the genetic information on how proteins should be made, RNA is responsible for transferring the information from DNA in the cell nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, then translating or decoding this information, which results in the making of protein.
The answer is true. Their strike can break aquarium glass and even split open human thumbs.
