Answer:
Alcohol
Explanation:
The Independent variable is the variable that can be manipulated by the experimenter.
The dependent variable is those variables that can not manipulate by an experimenter. Thus here alcohol is an independent variable because there is we can manipulate the variable alcohol that affects memory. We can not manipulate memory. It is the dependent variable.
I would say a. Most flashbacks help readers get some background information on a character
Apartheid was established by the national list government of South Africa as a means of separating any non-white peoples of the country. Apartheid in its most basic translation means "to keep apart" or to "separate".