The history of the United States from 1865 until 1918 covers the Reconstruction Era, the Gilded Age, and the Progressive Era, and includes the rise of industrialization and the resulting surge of immigration in the United States. This article focuses on political, economic and diplomatic history.
This period of rapid economic growth and soaring prosperity in the North and the West (but not in the South) saw the U.S. become the world's dominant economic, industrial and agricultural power. The average annual income (after inflation) of nonfarm workers grew by 75% from 1865 to 1900, and then grew another 33% by 1918.
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Trotsky helped organize the failed Russian Revolution of 1905, after which he was again arrested and exiled to Siberia. As chairman of the Petrograd Soviet, he played a key role in the October Revolution of November 1917 which overthrew the new Provisional Government.
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Many maintain that the primary cause of the war was the Southern states' desire to preserve the institution of slavery. Others minimize slavery and point to other factors, such as taxation or the principle of States' Rights. Two major themes emerge in these documents: slavery and states' rights.
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The factors that led to the Berlin Blockade were a combination of economic and ideological conflicts. On the one hand, the existing and growing rivalry between the Soviet Union and the democratic allies (America, Britain and France) in ideological terms, with the rivalry between communism and capitalism, fueled a constant state of tension and dispute between the two Germanies. To this was added the recent monetary reform carried out in West Berlin, which accompanied the adoption of the Mark in West Germany. This currency was much stronger than the East German currency, so the Soviet authorities feared that it might produce a kind of de facto economic control by the West over East Germany.
These factors made the Soviet authorities decide to close its borders with West Germany, practically closing West Berlin and economically isolating it from the rest of the world, in an event that is known as the Berlin Blockade.
