Most of immigrants came from Europe because the economic condidtions on the contitent, transition from agriculture to industry, famine, overpopulation and so on. When the US closed the west frontier, immigrants were looking for new territories and they decided to go north. Yukon gold rush in Canada, new railways all contributed to the increase of immigration to Canada and northern territories.
The Hawthorne effect (also referred to as the observer effect) is a type of reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed.
