Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
13, 15, 16, 16, 19, 20, 20, 21, 22, 22, 25, 25, 25, 25, 30, 33, 33, 35, 35, 35, 35, 36, 40, 45, 46, 52, 70.
a) Smoothing by bin means
Each bin has depth of 3
Dividing data into bins
so, Bin 1= 13, 15, 16
Bin 2= 16, 19, 20
Bin 3= 20, 21, 22
Bin 4= 22, 25, 25
Bin 5= 25, 25, 30
Bin 6= 33, 33, 35
Bin 7 = 35, 35, 35
Bin 8= 36, 40, 45
Bin 9= 46, 52, 70
Now, smoothing data by bin mean
so, Bin 1= 13, 15, 16 = (13+15+16)/3 = 15 Bin 1 = 15,15,15
Bin 2= 16, 19, 20 = (16+19+20)/3 = 18 Bin 2 = 18,18,18
Bin 3= 20, 21, 22= (20+21+22)/3 = 21 Bin 3 = 21,21,21
Bin 4= 22, 25, 25 = (22+25+25)/3 = 24 Bin 4 = 24,24,24
Bin 5= 25, 25, 30 =(25+25+30)/3 = 27 Bin 5 = 27,27,27
Bin 6= 33, 33, 35 = (33+33+35)/3 = 34 Bin 6 = 34,34,34
Bin 7 = 35, 35, 35 = (35+35+35)/3 = 35 Bin 7 = 35,35,35
Bin 8= 36, 40, 45 = (36+40+45)/3 = 40 Bin 8 = 40,40,40
Bin 9= 46, 52, 70=(46+52+70)/3 = 56 Bin 9 = 56,56,56
This technique is used to smooth the data. Data may have noise, using binning techniques we can remove noise from the data. It helps in providing more accurate results
b) How might you determine outliers in the data?
Outliers are the data that are abnormal to other data points. Outliers can be found by Box and whisker chart (box plot). Inter Quartile range can also be used to identify outliers
c) What other methods are there for data smoothing?
Other methods of smoothing data are
a) binning by boundaries
b) Exponential smoothing
c) Random walk
