Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids that have lattice structure and chemical composition.
Color alone is not reliable to identify minerals because minerals can change color base on impurities. Some minerals may have more than one color.
Minerals can best be identified base on their physical properties which is related to their chemical composition and bonding. Hardness, lustre, cleavage and how it's react to acid can be use to identify minerals.
The result indicates that taking calcium has no effect on the development of osteomalacia in the women. This is because, of the over 120 women placed on the calcium supplements, it happens to be minimal number of people ( less than 20 people) that develop the osteomalacia disease of the bone.