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vaieri [72.5K]
3 years ago
8

The market value of which of the items would be considered double (or multiple) counting in the calculation of GDP? Indicate the

following that they are included in GDP or not included in GDP.
a. a used skateboard you buy for your brother
b. the commission paid to the seller of a previously owned collectors skateboard
c. a new building for tony hawk industries
d. used copy of the tony hawk video game
e. previously owned collectors skateboard
f. ticket for the X games bought from a person on a street corner
g. new skateboard you buy for your niece
h. Wheels used to produce a skateboard that will be sold new
Business
1 answer:
postnew [5]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Included in GDP :

b. the commission paid to the seller of a previously owned collectors skateboard

c. a new building for tony hawk industries

g. new skateboard you buy for your niece

Not Included in GDP :

a. a used skateboard you buy for your brother

d. used copy of the tony hawk video game

e. previously owned collectors skateboard

f. ticket for the X games bought from a person on a street corne

h. Wheels used to produce a skateboard that will be sold new

Explanation:

Gross domestic product is the total sum of final goods and services produced in an economy within a given period which is usually a year

GDP calculated using the expenditure approach = Consumption spending by households + Investment spending by businesses + Government spending + Net export

Net export = exports – imports

When exports exceeds import there is a trade deficit and when import exceeds import, there is a trade surplus.  

Items not included in the calculation off GDP includes:  

1. services not rendered to oneself

2. Activities not reported to the government  

3. illegal activities

4. sale or purchase of used products

5. sale or purchase of intermediate products

the following items aren't included in the calculation of GDP because they are used items and were included in the year they were produced. adding them to GDP would be regarded as double counting

a. a used skateboard you buy for your brother

d. used copy of the tony hawk video game

e. previously owned collectors skateboard

h. Wheels used to produce a skateboard that will be sold new aren't included in the calculation of GDP because it an intermediate product used in the production of skateboards.

ticket for the X games bought from a person on a street corner aren't included in the calculation of GDP because they have already been paid for.

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We observe the following annualized yields on four Treasury securities: (75%)
Anon25 [30]

Answer:

Explanation:

1.

From the given information;

The spot rate for maturity at 0.5  year (X_1) = 4\%/2 = 2\%

The spot rate for maturity at 1 year is:

= \dfrac{22.5}{(1+X_1)}+ \dfrac{1000 + 22.5}{(1+X_2)^2}=1000

= \dfrac{22.5}{(1+0.02)}+ \dfrac{1000 + 22.5}{(1+X_2)^2}=1000

= \dfrac{22.5}{(1+0.02)}+ \dfrac{1022.5}{(1+X_2)^2}=1000

By solving for X_2;

X_2 = 2.253%

The spot rate for maturity at 1.5 years is:

= \dfrac{25}{(1+X_1)}+  \dfrac{25}{(1+X_2)^2}+ \dfrac{1000 + 25}{(1+X_3)^3}=1000

Solving for X_3

X_3 = 2.510%

The spot rate for maturity at 2 years is:

= \dfrac{27.5}{(1+X_1)}+  \dfrac{27.5}{(1+X_2)^2}+ \dfrac{27.5}{(1+X_3)^3} +\dfrac{1000+27.5}{(1+X_4)^4}  =1000

By solving for X_4;

X_4 = 2.770%

Recall that:

Coupon rate = yield to maturity for par bond.

Thus, the annual coupon rates are 4%, 4.5%, 5%, and 5.5% for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 years respectively.

2.

For n years, the price of n-bond is:

= \dfrac{cash \ flow \ at \ year \ 1}{1+X_1}+  \dfrac{cash \ flow \ at \ year \ 2}{(1+X_2)^2}+... +  \dfrac{cash \ flow \ at \ year \ b}{(1+X_n)^n}

Thus, for 2 years bond implies 4 periods;

∴

= \dfrac{40}{1+0.02}+  \dfrac{40}{(1+0.02253)^2} +  \dfrac{40}{(1+0.0252)^3}+ \dfrac{40}{(1+0.0277)^4}

= $1047.024

3.

Suppose there exist no-arbitrage, then the price is:

= \dfrac{0}{(1+0.02)}+\dfrac{1000}{(1+0.02253)^2}

= 956.4183

Since the market price < arbitrage price.

We then consider 0.5, 1-year bonds from the portfolio

Now;

weight 2 × 1000 + weight 2 × 22.5 = 1000

weight 2 × 1022.5 = 1000

weight 2 = 1022.5/1000

weight 2 = 0.976

weight 1 + weight 2 = 1

weight 1 = 1 - weight 2

weight 1 = 1 - 0.976

weight 1 =  0.022

The price of a 0.5-year bond will be:

= \dfrac{1000}{(1+0.02\%)} \\ \\ =\mathbf{980.39}

The price of a 1-year bond will be = 1000

Market value on the bond portfolio = 0.022 × price of 0.5 bond + 0.978 × price 1-year bond = 956.42

= 0.022 × 980.39 + 0.978 ×  1000

= 956.42

So, to have arbitrage profit, the investor needs to purchase 1 unit of the 1-year zero-coupon bond as well as 0.022 units of the 0.5-year bond. Then sell 0.978 unit of the 1-year bond.

Then will he be able to have an arbitrage profit of $56.42

4.

The one-period ahead forward rates can be computed as follows:

Foward rate from 0 to 0.5 X_1 = 2%

Foward rate from 0.5 to 1

(1+X_2)^2 = (1+X_1) \times (1+ Foward \ rate \ from \ 0.5 \ to \ 1 )

(1+0.0225)^2 = (1+0.02) \times (1+ Foward \ rate \ from \ 0.5 \ to \ 1 )

Foward rate from 0.5 to 1 = 2.5%

Foward rate from 1 to 1.5

(1+X_3)^3 = (1+X_2)^2 \times (1+ Foward \ rate \ from \ 1 \ to \ 1.5 )

(1+0.0251)^3 = (1+0.0225)^3 \times (1+ Foward \ rate \ from \ 1 \ to \ 1.5 )

Foward rate from 1 to 1.5 =3.021%

Foward rate from 1.5 to 2

(1+X_4)^4 = (1+X_3)^3 \times (1+ Foward \ rate \ from \ 1.5 \ to \ 2 )

(1+0.0277)^4 = (1+0.0251)^3 \times (1+ Foward \ rate \ from \ 1.5 \ to \ 2 )

Foward rate from 1.5 to 2 =3.021%

5.

The expected price of the bond if the hypothesis hold :

= \dfrac{40}{1+ 0.03021}+ \dfrac{1000+40}{(1+0.03285)^2}

= \dfrac{40}{(1.03021)}+ \dfrac{1040}{(1.03285)^2}}

= 1013.724254

= 1013.72

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As described in learning from mistakes, the failure of the a380 to reach its sales goals was due to:.
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It  should be noted that , base on the description in Learning from Mistakes, the failure of the A380 to reach its sales goals was due to Changes in customer demands.

This is because, if a manufacturer fail to know customer demand, then he is aiming for loss.

<h3>What is customer demand?</h3>

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Learn more about customer demand at;

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Nadira stood outside the mall and asked people which stores they visited and if they bought anything. If they said yes, she aske
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Answer: In-depth interview.

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Hardmon Enterprises is currently anâ all-equity firm with an expected return of 15.2%. It is considering a leveraged recapitaliz
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Answer and Explanation:

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= 15.2% + 0.5 × (0.152 - 0.05)

= 20.3%

b. Now the debt cost of capital is 7%

So, the expected return of equity is

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= 15.2% + 0.5 × (0.152 - 0.07)

= 27.5%

c. As we know that if the investment has a higher return than of course it has high risk also or we can say it is compensated by high risk

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