MBBS is the elongated version of MD
Administer pain medication and encourage the client to take deep breaths is the action should the nurse take.
<h3>How does a chest tube work? </h3>
An air or fluid drain from the chest is done using a plastic tube called a chest tube. The lung may collapse if air or fluid (such as blood or pus) builds up in the pleural space, which is located between the lungs and the chest wall.
The main risks associated with chest tube insertion are bleeding and infection, just like with any surgical procedure. During placement, professionals take care to avoid the blood vessels that run along the underside of the ribs. The entire procedure is carried out in a sterile manner to prevent spreading an infection.
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Hybridomas, which produce monoclonal antibodies, are made by fusing cells of the immune system with B lymphocytes and myeloma cells.
<h3>
What are Hybridomas?</h3>
- Large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies is made possible through hybridoma technology.
- An antigen that triggers an immune response is first injected into a mammal to begin the process.
- A specific sort of white blood cell called a B cell makes antibodies that bind to the antigen that has been injected.
- These antibody-producing B-cells are then removed from the animal and combined with immortal B cell cancer cells, or myeloma, to create a hybrid cell line known as a hybridoma.
- It possesses both longevity and procreative capacity of the myeloma and the antibody-producing capacity of the B-cell.
Hence, the creation of hybridomas, which result in the production of monoclonal antibodies, involves fusing immune system cells with B lymphocytes and myeloma cells.
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The psychology Wilhelm Wundt