The correct option is : Land
At the beginning of the 19th century Spain offered generous parcels of land in Las Floridas to attract settlers and they began to flow both from Spain and from the United States. The American settlers began attacking indigenous settlements that took their revenge by making incursions into US territory. The army of the United States began to cross the border with Spanish Florida to persecute the Seminoles.
The philosophers during the middle ages believed that the geocentric model of the Universe was the one that is true. This model presupposed the Earth being the centre of the universe and the Sun revolving around the Earth - this, of course, isn't true.
The answer is b because the empire made an advance