Answer:
A new study provides a key insight into a milestone event in the early evolution of life on Earth -- the origin of the cell nucleus and complex cells. Scientists peered deep inside current living cells, known as Archaea - the organisms that are believed to most closely resemble the ancient intermediates between bacteria and the more complex cells that we now know as eukaryotic cells.
Explanation:
Hope this helps
Answer:
Option-3
Explanation:
Collagen is one of the most abundant proteins of the animal kingdom as it is present in the connective tissue.
The collagen protein undergoes glycosylation that is carbohydrate molecules are attached to the protein.
The collagen fiber is produced by the chondroblasts which are suspended in the extracellular matrix of the cell. These fibers provide strength and flexibility to connective tissue.
Thus, Option-3 is the correct answer.Answer:
Answer:
The options:
A) esophagus
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) mouth
The CORRECT ANSWER IS B)
B) stomach
Explanation:
The digestive tract — often termed the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal — supplies the route via which foods passes through the body. In the course of this pathway, foods are digested into its constituents nutrients necessarily for absorption.
Digestion initially starts in the mouth, with enzymes in saliva dissolving carbohydrate (starch). In the course of chewing, the food is lubricated, a little bit of hear is used up, and less difficult to swallow and digest. The teeth and mouth aid conversion of each morsel of food to a bolus which flows right into the esophagus (“gullet”). In the course of chewing, taste buds stationed in the mouth gives pleasure to every mouthful — or to taste if not okay. Once the bolus is swallowed, it flows through the esophagus, it is kind of warmed and lubricated as it flows into the stomach.
Note:
The acidic condition of the STOMACH and the effect of gastric enzymes turns the bolus to CHYME, A LIQUEFIED MASS that is moved from the stomach to the small intestine.
Answer:
All the given statements are correct except b.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) refers to the ability of a microorganism to grow in the presence of drug or a chemical that would normally limit its growth or kill it.
It makes it difficult for the existing drugs to eliminate the infection as they become less effective against the microbe.
There are five major mechanisms by which a microbe attains resistance against antimicrobial chemical or drug:
- Drug modification or inactivation: A microbial enzyme inactivates the antimicrobial agent. For example, few bacteria produce β-lactamases which provide multi-resistance against β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin etc.
- Alteration or modification of target site: An altered target site prevents the antimicrobial agent from binding to its target. For example, alteration of penicillin binding protein (PBP) in Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(MRSA).
- Alteration of metabolic pathway: The microbe uses an alternative pathway to circumvent the blocked pathway. For example, sulfonamides-resistant bacteria started using preformed folic acid in place of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).
- Decreased drug accumulation: Microbial efflux pumps remove the antimicrobial agent (before it could do any damage) by pumping it out of the cell.
- Decrease in cell permeability: The permeability of the microbial envelope to the antimicrobial agent is decreased
Answer: No
Explanation:
The american alligator are sighted in rivers and lakes and they are not native species as they do not live in New York City.
They are usually the pets that escaped from the owner and reached the lakes and river anyhow. They cannot sustain their life based on the number of individual that come to the lakes and rivers.
They do not affect the other species nearby them and because of these reasons they cannot be considered as ecological community.
