Answer:
Explanation:
The Stamp Act was enacted to cause the colonists to pay the tax. This was represented by the stamp on various kinds of documents and papers. The colonists actually criticized the Stamp Act by calling it as taxation without representation because the government cannot generate tax without showing representation of goods and services in the Parliament. This lead to the adverse colonial reaction to this Act caused the boycott of British goods. This was also associated with the riots and attack of colonists over the tax collectors.
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Answer:
Lobbying
Explanation:
Propaganda is information (true, false, or doctored) spread to harm an individual, group, ideology, etc.
Gerrymandering is dividing a state into election districts in order to give one political party an advantage over the other in elections.
Lobbying is an attempt to influence the decisions and actions (like votes) of members of a legislative body.
A political action committee is formed by a group with a common political or policy interest. Political action committees gain and contribute funds to a candidate (or candidates) who support their beliefs. These groups are able to make significantly larger donations than most individuals.
The positivist thesis does not say that law’s merits are unintelligible, unimportant, or peripheral to the philosophy of law. It says that they do not determine whether laws or legal systems exist. Whether a society has a legal system depends on the presence of certain structures of governance, not on the extent to which it satisfies ideals of justice, democracy, or the rule of law. What laws are in force in that system depends on what social standards its officials recognize as authoritative; for example, legislative enactments, judicial decisions, or social customs. The fact that a policy would be just, wise, efficient, or prudent is never sufficient reason for thinking that it is actually the law, and the fact that it is unjust, unwise, inefficient or imprudent is never sufficient reason for doubting it. According to positivism, law is a matter of what has been posited (ordered, decided, practiced, tolerated, etc.). Austin thought the thesis “simple and glaring”. While it is probably the dominant view among analytically inclined philosophers of law, it is also the subject of competing interpretations together with persistent criticisms and misunderstandings.