Answer:
A jet stream that alternates between hot and cool periods.
Explanation:
Winds typically travel at the very same latitudes, but Rossby waves occur when winds shift it into hurricane pattern. The Rossby waves go in a north-south direction and then return again. Whenever the Rossby waves' breezes swing up, they transport warm air first from tropical to the northern, while when they swing down, they transport cold air from either the Arctic to the south, resulting in alternating warm and cold spells.
Mountain chains and river systems generally run North-South throughout the continent thus making for formidable barriers to East-West expansion.
<span>(2) encomienda.
Spaniards confiscated land from indigenous people, and rewarded it to spanish citizens, who established plantations, where locals would work using Spanish agricultural techniques, learn Spanish and be converted to Christianity.</span>
