To find the number of even factors, we can multiply the number of odd factors by the power of 2 (not the power of 2 + 1!!!). For 540, we have (3 + 1)(1 + 1)(2) = 16 even factors.
The maximum number of 1/16 yard long pieces is 14
If I understand the question, you have to get n alone. in this case, you have to subtract 7 from both sides, resulting in n (is less than) -10
By "density" I assume you mean "probability density function". For this to be the case for

, we require

Since

you have

which means