Affect - someone causing something.
Effect - the result of what was caused.
EX: Destroying trees negatively affects the wildlife.
EX: The effect that destroying trees has on wildlife is negative.
C) look beyond the details and imformation provided
The simplified expression is 
Explanation:
The expression that we have in this problem is

We want to simplify this expression: in order to do so, we apply the rule to solve the square of a binomial:

Where in our expression, we have:

So, the various terms are:

Therefore, the final expression becomes

Learn more about simplify expressions:
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Answer:
number 2 because they need to have a secure harbor they can use