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a. Beck relies on an analogy himself when he says that astrological claims cannot be justified in the same way as are claims in chemistry and physics that rely on the periodic table. In saying this, he assumes that there is a disanalogy between astrology and real science. b. There could be scientific theories that rely on enlightening and instructive analogies but which themselves do not have the resources to justify those analogies. c. Beck makes the same mistake as is made in criticizing astrology as an excuse-generator for the missed predictions of astrologers. When he says “because astrologers have agreed that … ” he is criticizing the proponents of a theory and not the theory itself. d. This proposal ignores the fact that astrology is also in large part concerned with making accurate astronomical observations where analogy is not involved.
Answer:
b. There could be scientific theories that rely on enlightening and instructive analogies but which themselves do not have the resources to justify those analogies.
Explanation:
There are scientific theories that are based on analogies and do not have a complete justification for these analogies. This is exactly what makes them theories, that is, they do not have concrete proof and 100% testified. Like the theory of evolution, among others.
However, this does not mean that astrology cannot be considered a pseudoscience. Since scientific theories show their analogies based on scientific concepts, which astrology does not do.
In the book "Lifeboat Ethics: The Case Against Helping the Poor," the author presents an argument that is likely to be controversial for most people. The author tells us that he believes it is not necessary or even good to help the poor. However, the author also provides justification for his proposition. He tells us that foreign aid often brings more problems than solutions. He also believes that many problems poor countries face are not going to be solved by having more money, but by having better education and institutions.
Answer:
c: By describing specific women and the influence they had in the success of the civil rights
D) Entire sections is the correct answer.