It describes the word arrived. Arrived is the verb and late describes how he arrived. Hope this helps!
If you are for the council to ban cell phones, then your thesis could be: Cell phones should be banned in privately owned areas because they... then write 3 reasons why. But, if you are against it, Say “Cell phones should not be banned in privately owned areas because.. then your 3 reasons.
Hope that helped!!
The message is understood but the sentence is not well written. You should write "Logos, that is the appeal of logic, consists of persuation backed up with actual observation, data, and facts". While the word Logos can be paraphrased as 'the appeal of logic', it is necessary to clarify the function of Logos in a text. With that purpose in mind, it is neccesary to separate the ideas of persuation from the paraphrase.
A, because the meaning of a sentence can be made clear without the interjection ^-^
Hope I'm not too late! Good luck!