Answer:
b. to amplify the signal
Explanation:
A multi-enzyme phosphorylation cascade is a series of signaling events where one enzyme phosphorylates to another, then this last enzyme acts to phosphorylate another protein and so successively, thereby triggering a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of hundreds or even thousands of proteins. A multi-enzyme phosphorylation cascade is known to increase the number of activated (phosphorylated) proteins at each step of the signaling cascade. Phosphorylation is a posttranslational modification capable of activating proteins during long periods, thereby a phosphorylation cascade also enables the activation of multiple proteins before these proteins become inactive again.
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<u>Answer:</u>
Genetic disorder that can result when sister chromatids fail to separate properly is likely to occur in meta-phase (m-phase) because in mitosis during m-phase there is separation of DNA to two equal halves.
<u>Explanation:</u>
- Genetic disorder is the problem that is caused by the abnormal activities in gene.
- This is also called mutation which may cause due to error during replication of DNA and also due to some environmental factors such as radiation exposure, smokes.
- So, during meta-phase, genes might not separate and genetic disorder might happen.
Good environmental decisions need to have scientific facts thus in order to make informed decisions,policy makers are advised by letter C. Environmental scientists. In addition, not only scientific means is needed to have a good environment but also should include the economic,social and ethical aspects.
