Hello!
There are two possible answers to this. The one I'm assuming you're looking for is hydrogen bonds.
Hydrogen bonds are the bonds which hold together the double helix shape of DNA. These bonds result from a positive and negative charge drawing two molecules closer to each other. These bonds are generally seen as weak, however, since there are so many of these bonds (as there are so many nitrogenous bases in one strand of DNA), the double helix strand is fairly strong.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
B) sympathetic nervous system
Explanation:
The sympathetic nervous system controls the way the body quick involuntary response to harmful or stressful situations. A rush in hormones rapidly occur to quicken the body's alertness and heart rate to release extra blood to the muscles
It's route of Expression starts with the amygdala sending a distress signal to the hypothalamus which sends activation signals to the sympathetic nervous system via the autonomic nerves to the adrenal glands which help pump the hormone epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) into the bloodstream.
The pKa represents the pH of the medium at which the zwitterionic amino acid assumes most stable ionic form due to structural stabilization. As the pKa is dependent upon the environmental factors of the solution around the amino acids, a change in their structure and localization can cause change in the pKa of the protein. Thus, the answers can be found as below:
Part A: Decrease (As the lysine is basic in nature, it will tend to stabilize the electrostatic interaction and weak interactions between the acidic amino acids and hydrogen bonds in the viscinity, thus lowering the pH and hence pKa of the protein)
Part B: Increase (As the carboxyl group is acidic in nature, removal of it will tend to increase the pKa since the basic amino acids will tend to accumulate more negative charge in their viscinity)
Part C: Increase (As glutamic acid is an acidic amino acid, its shift from outside to a non-polar site will prevents its ionization and hence the pKa will tend to shift from slightly acidic to slightly basic, hence increase)
Answer:
It is thin tissue that lines the alveoli
Hope this helps.
