Answer:
A. Amino Acid, protein, gene.
Explanation:
Genomics refers to the scientific study of genes (DNA) found in living organisms such as humans and animals.
A gene can be defined as a complete set of hereditary instructions that is typically found in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
A nucleotide can be defined as an organic molecule which forms the building block of nucleic acid such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Simply stated, a sequence of biomolecules which are responsible for coded genetic instructions in all living organisms is known as nucleotides.
Basically, nucleotide comprises of the following parts;
1. Nitrogenous base: this includes adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) which are mainly found in the DNA while adenine (A), guanine (G), uracil (U) and cytosine (C) are found in the RNA.
2. A phosphate group.
3. A penrose sugar: it is either deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA.
Furthermore, the two parts or chemical components of a nucleotide which do not change throughout the structure of DNA are;
I. Five-Carbon Sugar also known as deoxyribose and it has hydrogen on its second carbon.
II. Phosphate: this is the structural backbone that provides support to DNA.
Additionally, the proteins which are mainly synthesized based on the genetic instruction codes in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) determines the trait of living organisms.
Genome editing can be defined as a high-tech process which avail scientists the opportunity or ability to remove (delete), replace and insert Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) sequence in a living organism such as bacterias, animals, plants etc in order to correct a genetic disorder and to improve on their physical and chemical conditions.
Hence, when you remove a nucleotide from a gene, the order of nucleotides shifts and as such resulting in new amino acid being coded for. These new amino acid will combine to form a different protein than what the gene was originally coded for.
