Many biofilm-specific phenotypes are controlled by "quorum sensing." This system allows bacteria to regulate gene expression according to the concentration of <u>bacteria</u>.
Explanation:
Quorum sensing is basically a process which depends upon the <u>density dependent communication </u>of bacteria. Higher the number of bacteria, more will be the communication. Example of quorum sensing is biofilms which grow on various surfaces.
Some auto-inducers like peptides and N-acyl homoserine lactone are produced by bacteria during this process which in turn activate some transcription factors to cause gene expression.
In bacteria, it mainly serves the purpose of bioluminescence, sporulation and nitrogen fixation.
