Owens et al. (2011) manipulated texting while driving conditions (i.e., driving with no texting, driving while texting on a pers
onal phone, driving while texting using an in-vehicle texting system) to see if this influenced visual and steering behaviors of drivers. Participants completed the task by texting the researcher on a closed course. In this design, the texting condition served as the __________.
Ecological validity is define as the way in which the findings of a research study are able to be generalized to real life settings.
Owens et al. (2011) manipulating texting while driving conditions (i.e., driving with no texting, driving while texting on a personal phone, driving while texting using an in-vehicle texting system) to see if this influenced visual and steering behaviors of drivers. Participants completed the task by texting the researcher on a closed course. The testing conditions serves as the ecological validity in which the researchers use his finding to generalize it to a real life setting thereby using it to predict the behaviour of the participants in real world settings.
<span>There are a lot of voluntary actions that citizens can take to make a political difference beyond voting. They can donate time and/or money. They can attend rallies and marches. They can write articles and social media posts. There are so many other ways to help!</span>
<span>Cherokee women were the equals of men. They had the same freedom of politics, economy and theology. Women had autonomy and sexual freedom, could obtain divorce easily. They owned their own homes and fields, and had significant political and economic power.
