The answer is B. The only explanation I can give is that A and C are wrong because the legislative, judicial, and executive branches all share power. As far as D goes, the states' own laws don't really affect each other so there is no need for the power to be shared among them. Anything outside of the state becomes federal.
Considering the attached building; the answer is Richard Boyle.
Richard Boyle was and English architect who was one of the originators of the English Palladian style of the 18th century.
5, 2, 3, 4, 1. In that order