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The year 622 brought a new challenge to Christianity. Near Mecca, Saudi Arabia, a prophet named Muhammad claimed he received a revelation that became a cornerstone of the Islamic faith. The Koran, which Muhammad wrote in Arabic, identified Jesus Christ not as God but as a prophet. <em><u>Islam</u></em> spread throughout the Middle East and into Europe until 732.Soon thereafter, European Christians began the <em><u>Crusades</u></em>, a campaign of violence against Muslims to dominate the <em><u>Holy Lands</u></em>—an area that extended from modern-day Turkey in the north along the Mediterranean coast to the Sinai Peninsula—under Islamic control, partially in response to sustained Muslim control in Europe. The city of Jerusalem is a holy site for Jews, Christians, and Muslims; evidence exists that the three religions lived there in harmony for centuries. But in 1095, European Christians decided not only to reclaim the holy city from Muslim rulers but also to conquer the entire surrounding area.
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The revolutions of the American Colonies, France and Latin America had a common thread in that they wanted free from rule by a corrupt government. The Colonies in America wanted free from under British rule but wanted to keep the laws and traditions they had acquired from England.
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The Nuremberg Trials were trials in which Nazi leaders were charged with "crimes against humanity".
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The Nuremberg Trials were a few trials best known for prosecution of former Nazi Germany officials, charging them with crimes against humanity. The trial was held in the city of Nuremberg, Germany, from 1945 to 1949, despite the Soviet's demand that they be held in Berlin. The most well-known of these trials were the trials of war criminals, in which 24 of Nazi's leading leaders were convicted. Those trials took place from November 20, 1945 to October 1, 1946. Among those charged in the trial were Rudolf Hess, Hermann Goring, Albert Speer and Joachim von Ribbentrop.
Newspaper wanted to attract as many readers and advertisers as possible
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In the pre-classical period (2000 BC - 250 AD), the Olmecs and Zapotecs stand out. The Zapotec culture (600 BC - 1521) developed in the Oaxaca Valley in the south of the Mexican Highlands. Zapotecs built cities; they had a writing system and a calendar. The basis of the economy was agriculture based on irrigation. The capital of the Zapotecs Monte Alban was the largest city in southern Mexico.
The later Olmec cities were temple centers. The Olmec culture is one of the earliest cultures of Mesoamerica. Almost nothing is known about the social structure and political structure of the "Olmec" society. An analysis of the burial complexes shows that the process of property differentiation in the local society has gone quite far. The presence of ritual centers with a certain layout indicates a fairly high level of organization of power. The role of the leader, carrying out primarily military functions, is taking place.
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