There are various ways that geologists use for identification of minerals. These methods or tests are very simple to perform and can quickly help in the accurate identification of minerals. We will discuss here only three of them.
1) Hardness:
It is the property of a mineral that resists its scratching. It has something to do with the chemical bonding between atoms of a mineral. The stronger that bonding is, the difficult it is for you to scratch the mineral. Although presence of impurities can effect the right diagnosis of the mineral but still hardiness is a very good criteria to identify a mineral. For example, lead has very low hardness due to which we can write through it on paper, however a steal nib would never let us write because it has good hardness and it cannot be scratched easily. Please see the attached image, it shows hardness values of different minerals that give unique identification to them.
2)Streak:
It is the test in which mineral is scraped with a porcelain piece. This streaking can help in the diagnosis of the mineral in powdered form. For example, when chromite is streaked it gives choclate brown streaks and it is the color very different from all other minerals and it can be quickly identified.
3) Physical properties:
There are some ways of identifying a mineral by just looking at them, however some experts are better at it then some one who has zero experience. This is because minerals have some characteristics like color, luster (that can be metallic or non metallic) and taste or smell. For example, sulfur has a specific smell and it is quickly identified with it. Chalcanthite has a specific taste and it can be quickly identified with it.
Hope it helps!
As the oceans simultaneously warm, acidify and increase in PCO2<span>, prospects for marine biota are of concern. Calcifying species may find it difficult to produce their skeleton because ocean acidification decreases calcium carbonate saturation and accompanying hypercapnia suppresses metabolism. However, this may be buffered by enhanced growth and metabolism due to warming.</span>
1. Diffusion: Diffusion, process resulting from random motion of molecules by which there is a net flow of matter from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. A familiar example is the perfume of a flower that quickly permeates the still air of a room
2.Osmosis: a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one.
3. Facilitated diffusion: Facilitated diffusion is the process of spontaneous passive transport of molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.
4. Protein pumps: a kind of protein that is capable of pumping out compounds that could pose a threat to the cell. An example is AcrB, a bacterial protein complex that repels a wide range of antibiotics through its ability to capture and pump out a spectrum of structurally diverse compounds
5.exocytosis: a process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane.
6.endocytosis: Endocytosis definition and purposes. Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in substances from outside of the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle. These can include things like nutrients to support the cell or pathogens that immune cells engulf and destroy.
I hope this helps it took me a long time
Answer:
b it describes more on how the rates and how the diversity
of an ecosystem
Explanation:
Heat energy is the energy that is lost