I believe the answer is: C. People in Latin America were angry at US actions.
All of those ideology was created as an effort to obtain foreign policies that beneficial with united states. Basically, those ideologies dictate that US shall never make a direct threat to obtain benefit in negotiation, but must always have military backers to appear strong an authoritative.
In the perspective of other countries' , such method of negotiation is perceived as an act of intimidation, which is why many people in Latin America were angry at united states.
The answer to your question is gunpowder weapons.
siege warfare.
armored cavalry.
Hoped I Helped!
Independent states unified under a weak central government would generally be part of a "confederate government," but of course the specific weakness of the central government can vary greatly.
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