From a modern genetic perspective, this is defined as evolution.
Complex molecules are made up of other elements bonded with carbon. Carbon is able to bond with other molecules so easily because it has four valence electrons.
Because it creates energy and food for different beings
Meiosis (SEXUAL cell division) is a type of Mitosis (cell division).
Diploid cell production happens during meiosis when the haploid (n) cells from the parents divide into TWO diploid (2n) cells (which have the complete set of chromosomes from the parents).
Basically, meiosis is required for sexual reproduction (unless in your question you can choose more than one answer...so it'll be meiosis, diploid cell production, mitosis)
On average 30 feet or 9 meters