old and new families is an adverbial phrase because old and new are adverbs that describe what kind of family they are
He may be wondering where he’s sitting, which of his friends may be in the class, if the teacher is nice or not, if he left any supplies at home, the list goes on and on.
The author is J.K.Rowling’s
Before, the moutain trail seemed serene and peaceful but the injured woman changed her viewpoint on that.
Can't answer 'cause you didn't provide an image of the passage.