The while loop is going to be executed until the condition is false.
Since <em>k</em> is initially equal to 1, the loop will execute 88 times. One asterisk will be printed and <em>k</em> will be incremented by one during each iteration.
When <em>k</em> becomes 89, the condition will be false (89 is not smaller or equal to 88) and the loop will stop.
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