If the gene was passed down from their grandparents
That gas is called carbon dioxide.
:P
Or also short for CO2
The DNA is read by RNA Polymerase which then makes an exact match of the non-coding strand of the DNA into a RNA molecule - messenger RNA or mRNA...which is then read and transcribed by the ribosome into a protein.
In the electron transport chain, there are multiple reduction-oxidation reactions that generate a proton gradient between the inner membrane space and the mitrocondrial matrix. The most direct source of energy is the last complex of the electron transport chain wherein the proton gradient goes to the complex called the ATP synthase and produce ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.
Earth's atmosphere helps maintain a constant temperature.