1- Answer : B (AUG AAA CGU CCU)
2- Answer : B (TAC AAA AGA GGG)
3- Answer : C (GGCGATACG)
Answer:
Algae and fungi are biotic: temperature and rainfall are abiotic
Explanation:
Abiotic factors include non-living environmental factors like wind, temperature and light, and chemical elements. These affect the biotic, living factors and shape their survival. For example high temperatures hinder the survival of organisms, and a lack of rainfall creates drought conditions where biotic factors die off due to food scarcity.
Biotic factors comprise the most important environmental components; bacteria, plants, animals, and fungi. The interaction between these living organisms can be classed into three groups; producers, like algae, plants, trees and grasses; consumers, which are plants that eat other animals or producers; and decomposers, that break down dead organic matter into soil.
5 phagocytoses
3 MHC
1 T cell
4 invader
6 processes
2 B cell
Steps are required for a pathogen to infect a novel host species.
- A pathogen is defined as an organism causing disease to its host, with the severity of the disease symptoms referred to as virulence.
- The pathogens can be viruses or bacteria. If the host is humans then these pathogens can enter through nose, sputum, yes or any cut wounds.
- After entering the host species, the pathogens ejects its genome into the cell of the host for its multiplication. Such type of organisms require the machinery of the host to multiply.
- The pathogens after multiplying, increases in number and damages tissues and organs of the host thereby causing diseases.
The offspring will have one allele for straight wings and one allele for curly wings.
Explanation:
Let W be straight wings (big letter for dominant allele)
Let w be curly wings (small letter for recessive allele)
Each fly has two alleles.
If a parent is true breeding, it only has one type of allele.
Parent 1 = WW (straight wings)
Parent 2 = ww (curly wings)
Cross the parents: WW x ww in a Punnett square (see photo below)
This is the F1 generation (generation produced by crossing the first parents).
There are only Ww offspring.
Therefore,
The offspring will have one allele for straight wings and one allele for curly wings.