Are you asking for DNA or chromosomes or something? You asked for which of the following but then dont give the following
Genetics, adaption, colonization
It depends on the particular ecosystem and why and how it was destroyed. It can take just 2 years or over 100 years depending on the different factors. Sometimes ecosystems never recover.
Answer:
There are 22 numbered pairs of chromosomes called autosomes. The 23rd pair of chromosomes are the sex chromosomes. They determine an individual's sex. Females have two X chromosomes, and males have an X and a Y chromosome.
This is how you know if a karyotype is male or female?