The correct answer is d: a
target cell's response is determined by the components of its signal transduction pathways.
The response of a cell to a hormone depends on the cell’s receptor and a signal transduction. When a peptide hormone binds to a receptor on the cell membrane, a second messenger is activated in the cytoplasm. The second messenger has a role of triggering signal transduction leading to the cellular response. Lots of different signal transduction processes (for example, different intracellular proteins) are used to coordinate the behaviour of target cells.
<span> </span>
Organs or skeletal elements of animals and organisms
Acid rain can be caused by factors and there chemicals in the air
Acid rain effects- getting into our under ground waters, the animals might get sick from the acid rain, fish might die, animal health, and human health when it gets in our drinking water
Acid rain-meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions. is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic.
Hope this helps have a nice day
Answer - C. The time required for the Succession to Occur
Reasoning - Behind my answer is because the time the succession evolves and grows to build life and progress to improve and expand in each certain time period.