First of all, the identity property of multiplication (which is what this is I'm assuming) is that the number 1 multiplied by any other number is that number itself. (An example would be 2 multiplied by 1, which would be two) So in this problem, this rule applies too, since 2/3 multiplied by 1 would be 2/3!
Hope this helped :)
Part A: X=(35-(100*0.10))/5 35= 5X+(100*0.10)
Where X is the number of dogs he walked.
Part B: To solve the equation just simplify it by using inverse operations. It should give you 5 dogs walked. The algebraic property justifying this is inverse operations.
Part C: Emerson walked 5 dogs last week.
19 because 1 ten = 10 ones and 9 one plus 10 ones equals 19 altogether
The common ratio is the multiplication of 2 each time. 5x2= 10// 10x2=20// 20x2=40