Answer:
<h2>Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
</h2><h2>a) it brings the postsynaptic membrane potential closer or nearer to threshold </h2><h2>b) it depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane ; and
</h2><h2>
c) it results from the movement of Na+ ions into postsynaptic cell .
.
</h2><h2>Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP): </h2><h2>a) it moves the postsynaptic membrane potential farther away from threshold .</h2><h2>
b) it hyper-polarizes the postsynaptic membrane ;
</h2><h2>
c) it results from the movement of K+ ions out of the postsynaptic cell
</h2><h2>
In both cases: it is a graded potential in both.
</h2>
Explanation:
Excitatory postsynaptic potentials are excitatory because they make the postsynaptic neuron to generate an action potential by depolarizing the membrane and bringing the membrane potential closer to threshold where new action can generate .It happens by opening ligand-gated Na+ channels in the postsynaptic membrane, which then allows Na+ ions to enter the cell.
Inhibitory postsynaptic potentials make it more difficult for the postsynaptic neuron to produce an action potential by hyper-polarizing the membrane and moving the membrane potential farther from threshold. This occurs by opening ligand-gated K+ channels, which allows K+ ions to move out of the cell.
Regardless of as they are excitatory or inhibitory, all postsynaptic potentials are graded. and by this , its magnitude decreases with distance from the synapse along with the cell body.
Answer:
Its Genetics
Explanation:
Botany is the study of plants
paleontology is the study of extinct living things
archeology is the digging of cultural object, jewelry and etc.....
Answer:
Decrease mouse population, increase hawk population, decrease rabbit population.
Explanation:
Mouse population decreases because owls feed on mice.
Hawk population increases because hawks feed on owls.
Rabbit population decreases because owls feed on rabbits.
Basically, predators of the owl increase and prey of the owl decrease.
The answer is xylem
Explanation
Xylem transports and stores water and water-soluble nutrients in vascular plants. Phloem is responsible for transporting sugars, proteins, and other organic molecules in plants. Vascular plants are able to grow higher than other plants due to the rigidity of xylem cells, which support the plant.
