Answer:
Protein synthesis in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and packaging in smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
Explanation:
Intracellular Protein Transport:
- After transcription in the nucleus, the mRNA is translocated from the nucleus to the ribosomes attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The RER is the site of the biosynthesis of proteins.
- The process of translation of mRNA sequence into amino acid sequence takes place in the RER.
- The newly synthesized protein is then packaged into vesicles in the SER and transported to the Golgi complex.
- The Golgi complex is the cell's packaging department. It packages proteins into transport vesicles for intra and extracellular protein transport.
Transcription factors are necessary for an initiation of transcription at a regulated gene but not sufficient.
Transcription is the first step of gene expression in which DNA molecule is copied (transcribed) into RNA (mRNA) by RNA polymerase. The process of transcription is divided into three phases:
1. Initiation
• RNA polymerase with transcriptional factors bind to gene promoter Transcription factors can enhance the interaction between RNA polymerase and a DNA sequence- promoter, encouraging the expression of the gene. Such transcription factors are called activators. Otherwise, when the gene expression is inhibited, factors are called repressors and they bind to sequence –operator.
• RNA polymerase unwinds DNA double helix (transcription bubble is formed)
2. Elongation
• RNA polymerases adds nucleotides complementary to DNA
3. Termination
• RNA polymerase gets to stop codon (transcribes a sequence of DNA known as a terminator)
• Formed complementary RNA strand is released from DNA-RNA complex
Answer:
the cell combines oxygen molecules to provide energy for use in cellular respiration
The answer is Echinoderms.
According to the Embryological studies, the most ancient chordates were closely related to the ancestors of the echinoderms. Echinoderms are members of the group Phylum Echinodermata of marine animals. Some known echinoderms are starfish, and sea cucumbers.
Answer:
Night
Explanation:
Usually, a microfilariae blood test is conducted at night to coincide with the appearance of microfilariae.
