“Crime” is not a phenomenon that can be defined according to any objective set of criteria. Instead, what a particular state, legal regime, ruling class or collection of dominant social forces defines as “crime” in any specific society or historical period will reflect the political, economic and cultural interests of such forces. By extension, the interests of competing political, economic or cultural forces will be relegated to the status of “crime” and subject to repression,persecution and attempted subjugation. Those activities of an economic, cultural or martial nature that are categorized as “crime” by a particular system of power and subjugation will be those which advance the interests of the subjugated and undermine the interests of dominant forces. Conventional theories of criminology typically regard crime as the product of either “moral” failing on the part of persons labeled as “criminal,” genetic or biological predispositions towards criminality possessed by such persons, “social injustice” or“abuse” to which the criminal has previously been subjected, or some combination of these. (Agnew and Cullen, 2006) All of these theories for the most part regard the “criminal as deviant” perspective offered by established interests as inherently legitimate, though they may differ in their assessments concerning the matter of how such “deviants” should be handled. The principal weakness of such theories is their failure to differentiate the problem of anti-social or predatory individual behavior<span> per se</span><span> from the matter of “crime” as a political, legal, economic and cultural construct. All human groups, from organized religions to outlaw motorcycle clubs, typically maintain norms that disallow random or unprovoked aggression by individuals against other individuals within the group, and a system of penalties for violating group norms. Even states that have practiced genocide or aggressive war have simultaneously maintained legal prohibitions against “common” crimes. Clearly, this discredits the common view of the state’s apparatus of repression and control (so-called “criminal justice systems”) as having the protection of the lives, safety and property of innocents as its primary purpose.</span>
In the event that a violation of human rights is seen in the AOR, record all relevant facts and promptly report the incident via the appropriate chain of command or other authorities.
This is further explained below.
<h3>What are
human rights?</h3>
Generally, There can be no separation between human rights. It does not matter if they are of a cultural, social, political, economic, or civic character; they are all inextricably linked to the dignity of each and every human being.
In conclusion, If a violation of human rights is seen in the AOR, make a detailed report as soon as possible via the appropriate channels, whether that be the chain of command or another authority.
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With the increase or decrease of the prices of substitutes, the demand of the substitute goods also decreases or increases.
Explanation:
Substitutes are the products which can be used in place of another product. For example, a cup of coffee can be taken instead of a cup of tea, or Coke can be taken instead of Pepsi.
Change in the price of Substitutes can affect the demand of other substitutes. If the price of a product increases, then the demand of its substitute increases, and if the price of the product decreases, then the demand of its substitute also decreases.
We can understand this relation with an example. Suppose the product is tea. The substitute of tea is coffee. If the price of tea increases, then people will definitely move towards the substitute, which is coffee. This will increase the demand for coffee. Similarly, if the price of tea decreases, people will buy more tea than coffee, which will decrease the demand for coffee. This is how the substitutes affect demand of each other.
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Answer:
Louisiana had a difficult road to statehood because of disagreements over the western boundaries of the state with colonial Mexico and cultural differences with the United States.
Explanation:
President James Madison signed Louisiana into statehood with a bill dated April 30, 1812. This made Louisiana 18th state. However, in the interim between the Lousiana Purchase in 1803 and statehood in 1812, some difficulties arose like the western border dispute between Spain and the United States which even led them to hault diplomatic relations in 1805. It was believed that military action would be necessary to resolve the conflict. Disagreements over the contested area were not fully resolved until 1819 when both parties agreed to the Sabine River as the western boundary. There were also cultural differences in that many residents of Louisana identified with its French past and they had a different system of local governance with the parish system.
Answer: Malik's approach best illustrates: TRIAL AND ERROR PROBLEM SOLVING.
Explanation: Trial and error problem solving involves a process whereby to find a solution to a problem, many possible solutions are tried and the researcher learns from mistakes until a way is found. This method is characterized by repeated, varied attempts which are continued until success.
