This best describes <span>escalation of commitment.</span>
Answer:
The correct answer is D
Explanation:
Marginal principle is the principle which is referred to an increase in the activity level when the marginal advantage exceeds or more than the marginal cost.
So, the marginal principle of retained earnings would be when it will provide the higher rate of return than the shareholders who could achieve after paying taxes on the dividends.
Answer: the substitution bias
Explanation: The substitution bias shows the tendency of consumers of buying less costly good in place expensive one.
In the given case when the price of apple rises and the price of oranges falls then the consumer will purchase more of the oranges. In such a scenario the index will rise showing that the good which was purchased earlier by the consumers has risen however in the real world the consumer shave sifted their demand to a less expensive product.
Thus, it will lead to overstatement of substitution bias.
