The correct answers are options:
1. Amphibians evolved before land reptiles.
4. Elephants appear in the fossil record after dinosaurs became extinct.
The relative dating is a technique of dating with respect to any past event. In this case, two events are discussed to be occurred in a sequence related to one-another. In the option 1, the amphibians are said to be evolved before reptiles. So, the evolution of the amphibians is relatively dated with the evolution of reptiles. Same in the option 4, the evolution of the elephants is relatively dated with the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multi-celled, such as you, me, plants, fungi, and insects. Bacteria are an example of prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle.
There are several key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are found in multicellular plants and animals, whereas prokaryotic cells are found in bacteria and archaea which are ususlly unicellular. I have summarised the key differences below:
Prokayotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, instead they have circular DNA that is free in the cytoplasm.
Prokaryotic cells have smaller ribosomes than eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall. Their cell wall is made from a different material to a plant cell, a glycoprotein called murein.
Prokaryotic cells may also have a protective layer called a capsule, flagellum to aid in movement and one or more plasmids.
Aminopeptidases are enzymes that cleave polypeptides, or proteins,at the N terminus, or the amino end. Protein hydrolysis is breaking down proteins into amino acids by adding water. Aminopeptidases are enzymes that cause protein hydrolysis. Once the protein is broken down into amino acids, the amino acids can be metabolized. Usually the body uses carbohydrates or lipids for metabolism, but in rare cases, such as starvation, proteins can be broken down and used for energy.
Protein metabolism starts with the enzyme,pepsin, in the stomach and the smaller polypeptides travel to the small intestine where trypsin and chymotrypsin break them down into amino acids. Most of the newly available amino acids are combined to form new proteins. If the body has no need for proteins, they are converted to glucose or ketones and are decomposed. Breaking down amino acids results in nitrogen, which is converted to urine. In starvation, protein is broken down to amino acids and amino acids are broken down to oxaloacetate acid, pyruvate and acetyl coA and these intermediates are used in the Kreb cycle to produce ATP.
I would say the answer is c or d
